Warring+States+Period+(441-221+BC)-+Shang+Yang


 * ◦ 481-221 warring states period
 * Was much more violent as different kingdoms bumped into each other extending borders, cin eventually won
 * Kingdom of **Qin** Started winning the wars in the 300s
 * Main leader was **Shang yang**(advisor to the duke of Qin)
 * **Shang Yang made Legalist system**:
 * Put people into 10 households; each group put in 10 households each
 * Did this to be organized
 * Did this so people in each group could tattle on each other to the govt.- was their duty
 * People had to denounce others, or they would be punished
 * Tried to destroy the aristocracy of china
 * His reasoning was that since the aristocracy did not produce for society, they did not have the right to be rich
 * Therefore, their land was taken away and given to people who were more useful
 * Punished people equally who did crimes, no matter their status
 * Believed there were 7 parasites to society; suck the life out of and weaken it:
 * Music
 * Does not produce anything, is not practical, could do better things with time
 * History
 * Did not want people to look at different ways of doing things
 * Did not want people to know things used to be different in china
 * Wanted people to follow govt. blindly
 * Virtue
 * Filial piety-respect for others and parents
 * faith
 * Benevolence
 * Made people not do what they are ordered; ex. Govt. Tells you to slaughter people
 * Cowardice
 * Wanted to crush Confucianism; turn people into unquestioning obedient people
 * Also enslaved merchants
 * They don't produce anything for society; people are sucked into having profit by being a merchant, don't produce
 * Gave people who were hard workers land
 * Could not move; were forced to stay on land
 * Forced people to farm sustainably otherwise they would have no other land
 * did not have to have jail: punishments were killing and other things
 * Didn't have control of whole of china, were just winning the war
 * Worked really well
 * then in 256 BC, the last Zhou emperor died; didn't have an heir
 * This escalates the war, duke of Qin then thought he could become emperor of china b/c he didn't have to kill an emperor
 * In 250s, duke of Qin was chao
 * Men had concubines and had many children, made it difficult to see who was the heir
 * Chao had many sons by concubines, was complicated, each concubines advocated for her sons to be emperor
 * Tzu chu was one of his sons; had proposition from Lu pu Wei
 * Lu pu Wei would give him money to campaign for him to be emperor
 * In return, when Tzu chu became duke, Lu pu Wei would get land-would role 10,000 households
 * It works, Tzu chu becomes duke and Lu pu Wei gets land
 * However, Lu pu Wei had a concubine who Tzu chu and Lu pu Wei both slept with(this was recovered from Han documents, but still was probable)
 * Zhao Zheng was born and no one knows who is father is
 * Zhao Zheng was next emperor
 * Zhao Zheng then forces Lu pu Wei to kill himself, who was perhaps his own father
 * Becomes first emperor of China- Shi Huangdi and establishes Qin dynasty